Cannabis contains two main chemicals: THC (causes the “high”) and CBD (can help calm the mind). Most modern cannabis products are high in THC and low in CBD, which can overstimulate the brain’s fear center (the amygdala) — leading to nervousness, panic, or paranoia. Low doses of THC might feel calming for some people but not everyone. Higher doses and certain persons are more susceptible to cannabis increasing heart rate, making thoughts race, and heightening awareness of sensations — which can trigger anxiety or even panic. Regardless of how cannabis affects you in the short term, it is likely to increase anxiety in the long run. New research also shows that prolonged use of cannabis can cause drug induced psychosis, panic disorder, PTSD, and more.

The Anxiety Cycle

During initial use, cannabis might seem to help with stress. But over time, the brain can become dependent on it to feel calm. When the effects wear off, anxiety can rebound even stronger — leading to more use and more anxiety in the long run. This is also worsened by the increased production of cortisol (the stress hormone) caused by regular use of THC. Often, marijuana dependence and its effects of anxiety can be easy to miss because the cause and effect is not a direct correlation as it is with other substances like alcohol. Because the negative effects are not immediate, many continue to see marijuana as part of the solution vs seeing it as part of the problem which is what it usually is.

■ 3. Who’s Most Sensitive

Cannabis-related anxiety is more likely if you already struggle with anxiety or panic attacks, use high-THC strains regularly, started using at a young age, or have a family history of anxiety, addiction or mental health issues.

■ 4. What Can Help

Try reducing THC and using products with higher CBD. Practice deep breathing, grounding, or mindfulness to calm anxiety naturally. Track how cannabis affects your mood. Consider taking a break or talking with a therapist or doctor if anxiety increases.

Anxiety is a normal brain reaction to cannabis and anxiety can improve when your body and brain have time to rebalance.